10.08.96

dr orsini mentioned that grade ranges and averages will be posted after 
the written exam is graded - possibly by fri, def by monday.

next two weeks: no clinical correlation, even though they are on the 
schedules, because there's nothing that's really that applicable. we'll 
get some extra ones later. we'll have chalk talks instead. 

tomorrow dr dodson will talk about dissection of the heart. thursday 
we'll talk hip muscles.

hoof: smallwood talks about development of the hoof. don't bother with 
that right now. just look at the features of the dry hoof.  look at the 
bones and the sesamoid bones - they're big deals in the horse. navicular 
bone has lots of clinical implications.

when you go through this dissection now, just - if you're going through a 
muscle, and no notation says anything different, assume it's just like a 
dog. always assume it's doglike unless told differently.

no limb removal today. 

also note that smallwood has lots of radiographs in it. it's a good book 
to go back to when you take radiology, but you don't need to look at them 
right now.

most of the goat stuff is the same as the ox stuff. if there's anything 
major we need to know it will be presented in the chalk talk.

there are some little differences in omotransversarius - in dog, from 
spine of scapula to cranial region of neck. in horse and ruminant, this 
isn't a significant muscle. it is fused w/brachiocephalicus and until 
recently was considered part of it.

jugular vein lies in jugular furrow...brachiocephalicus (cleidomastoideus 
portion) dorsally, and sternocephalicus ventrally. there is a fibrous 
clavicular intersection. the goat has a cleidooccipitalis portion of 
brachiocephalicus, horse doesn't.  sternocephalicus- called 
sternomandibularis in horse- runs from sternum to the mandible. check out 
the tendon of insertion. 

lingual facial vein drains ventral aspect of head into jugular.

Viborg's triangle: window into neck region. formed by caudally -tendon of 
insertion of sternomandibularis, ventrally lingual facial vein, and 
cranially the mandible

nuchal ligament very large. in dog, it went to axis, but in large 
animals, it goes all the way to the base of the skull. cranially it's the 
funiculus part, which attaches at base of skull and at the 1st thoracic 
vert.
there's a laminar part as well, that inserts on the spines of the 
cervical vertebrae all along. also, continues caudally as suprascapular 
ligament.

pectoral muscles: superficial in dog had descending part and transverse 
part
deep in dog just had ascending part. in large animal, the deep pectorals 
also have a subclavius part. so, the superficial pecs are pretty similar 
to the dog's, but the deep has this extra part in goat and horse (not 
ox). subclavius is right in front of scapula. "fairly honking muscle". 

note that in horse, many muscles that in dog had pelvic or scapular level 
of origin now have vertebral origin.