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schedule change. tomorrow was to be skull, but will be rabbit dissection 
instead. may also have some g pigs. then we'll do the skull on monday the 
18th, when we were supposed to be doing the perineum. tuesday we'll do 
the schedule as written.

from yesterday: diagram showing pterygoid from zygomatic arch to medial 
side of mandible.

you will need to cut the zygomatic arch as far as possible back on either 
side. then take out temporalis muscle. 

mandibular nerve/maxillary nerve will have to cut the coronoid process 
way down.the inferior alveolar nerve is way deep on the medial side so 
you must cut the bone back.

the really thick nerve with the big artery is the maxillary artery and 
nerve, both going to maxillary foramen, through infraorbital canal, out 
infraorbital foramen, and then the infraorbital a and n is what they're 
called at that point.

also today...there are 12 cranial nerves...

I. Olfactory: arises off nasal mucosa in nasal cavity region, goes 
through cribiform plate, goes to olfactory bulbs at rostral region of 
brain.

II. Optic: eye to brain via optic canal

III. oculomotor: comes out the orbital fissure of the skull, invests into 
periorbita, innervates dorsal, medial, and ventral rectus as well as 
ventral oblique.

IV. Trochlear: out of orbital fissure, into periorbita, innervates dorsal 
oblique

V. Trigeminal: has 3 parts: 
a) ophthalmic branch, sensory to eye. out of orbital fissure into 
periorbita; b) maxillary nerve, runs with maxillary artery, comes out of 
rostral alar foramen, gives off 3-4 branches: zygomatic (goes into 
periorbita), pterygopalatine ganglion (lies dorsal to nerve, rostral to 
zygomatic branch), pterygopalatine nerve (branches ventrally), and 
maxillary itself continues as infraorbital. 
c) mandibular nerve

VI. Adducens: comes out of OF, goes into periorbita, innervates lateral 
rectus, all of retractor bulbi muscles.

VII. Facial: innervates all of superficial facial muscles

VIII. Vestibulocochlear aka auditory nerve: goes to inner ear.

IX. Glossopharyngeal. comes out of temporooccipital fissure, crosses 
laterally across cranial cervical ganglion, then heads to tongue and 
pharyngeal muscles. short, hard to see. might not see.

[tympanic bulla, small bulge on skull housing middle ear. nerves IX, X, 
XI, XII come out of here. look for sympathetic trunk, follow it cranially 
as high as possible, also coming out of there rostrally toward the tongue 
is the hypoglossal, which follows the lingual artery. so vagus and symp 
trunk split at bulla at the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve. the 
sympathetic nerve fibers will run ventrally to the ganglion. past the 
ganglion the vagus enters the bulla. the sympathetic trunk has its own 
cranial cervical ganglion rostral to the distal ganglion of the vagus. 
running straight across all of this is the internal carotid.]

X. Vagus: branches into cranial laryngeal nerve near distal ganglion, and 
cln runs to larynx and innervates the cricothyroideus muscle (motor)
at other end of vagus near heart is caudal laryngeal nerve, which then 
runs UP to larynx, runs along esophagus, and is motor to rest of 
laryngeal muscles.

PHARYNGEAL PLEXUS: a meshwork of fibers and stuff near the ganglia 
previously mentioned.

XI. Accessory nerve: dorsal to sympathetic trunk, runs down neck to 
omotransversarius and trapezius.

XII. Hypoglossal- rest of tongue. extrinsic and intrinsic muscles
to see this you have to reflect the digastricus.





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